Antibody titer blood test

定义

Antibody titer is a laboratory test that measures the level of 抗体 血液样本中.

选择的名字

Titer - 抗体; Serum 抗体

How the Test is Performed

A blood sample is needed.

How to Prepare for the Test

No special preparation is necessary for this test.

How the Test will Feel

When the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel moderate pain. Others feel only a prick or stinging. Afterward, there may be some throbbing or slight bruising. 这很快就会消失.

Why the Test is Performed

The antibody level (titer) in the blood tells your health care provider whether or not you have been exposed to an 抗原, or something that the body thinks is foreign. The body uses 抗体 to attack and remove foreign substances.

在某些情况下, your provider may check your antibody titer to see if you had an infection in the past (for example, chickenpox or measles) or to decide which vaccines you need.

The antibody titer is also used to determine:

• The strength of an immune response to the body's own tissue in diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (系统性红斑狼疮)及其他 自身免疫性疾病
• If you need a booster vaccine
• Whether a vaccine you had before helped your immune system protect you against the specific disease
• If you have had a recent or past infection, such as 单核细胞增多症 or 病毒性肝炎

正常的结果

Normal values depend on the antibody being tested.

If the test is being done to look for 抗体 against your own body tissues, the normal value would be zero or negative. In some cases, a normal level is below a specific number.

If the test is being done to see if a vaccine fully protects you against a disease, the normal result depends on the specific value for that immunization.

Negative antibody tests can help rule out certain infections.

Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Talk to your provider about the meaning of your specific test results.

What Abnormal Results Mean

Abnormal results depend on which 抗体 are being measured.

Abnormal results may be due to:

• 自身免疫性疾病
• Failure of a vaccine to fully protect you against a certain disease
• 免疫缺陷
• 病毒感染

风险

There is little risk involved with having your blood taken. Veins vary in size from one person to another and from one side of the body to the other. Obtaining a blood sample from some people may be more difficult than from others.

风险 associated with having blood drawn are slight, but may include:

• 过度 出血
• 晕倒 or feeling lightheaded
• Multiple punctures to locate veins
• Hematoma (blood accumulating under the skin)
• Infection (a slight risk any time the skin is broken)

参考文献

Kroger AT, Pickering LK, Mawle A, Hinman AR, Orenstein WA. 免疫接种. In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 316.

McPherson RA, Riley RS, Massey HD. Laboratory evaluation of immunoglobulin function and humoral immunity. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 23日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017:chap 46.