膀胱穿刺活检

定义

膀胱 活组织检查 is a procedure in which small pieces of tissue are removed from the bladder. The tissue is tested under a microscope.

选择的名字

膀胱活检

如何执行测试

A bladder 活组织检查 can be done as part of a 膀胱镜检查. Cystoscopy is a procedure that is done to see the inside of the bladder using a thin lighted tube called a cystoscope. A small piece of tissue or the entire abnormal area is removed. The tissue is sent to the lab to be tested if:

• Abnormalities of the bladder are found during this exam
• A 肿瘤 是见过

How to Prepare for the Test

You must sign an informed consent form before you have a bladder 活组织检查. In most cases, you are asked to urinate just before the procedure. You may also be asked to take an antibiotic before the procedure.

婴幼儿及儿童, the preparation you can provide for this test depends on your child's age, 先前的经验, 以及信任程度. For general information regarding how you can prepare your child, see the following topics:

• Infant test or procedure preparation (出生至一岁)
• Toddler test or procedure preparation (一至三年)
• Preschooler test or procedure preparation (3至6岁)
• School age test or procedure preparation (6至12岁)
• Adolescent test or procedure preparation (12至18岁)

考试的感觉如何

You may have a slight discomfort as the cystoscope is passed through your urethra into your bladder. You will feel discomfort that is similar to a strong urge to urinate when the fluid has filled your bladder.

You may feel a pinch during the 活组织检查. There may be a burning sensation when the blood vessels are sealed to stop bleeding (cauterized).

After the cystoscope is removed, your urethra may be sore. You may feel a burning sensation during urination for a day or two. There may be blood in the urine. In most cases, this will go away on its own.

In some cases, the 活组织检查 needs to be taken from a large area. In that case, you may need general anesthesia or sedation before the procedure.

Why the Test is Performed

This test is most often done to check for 膀胱癌 或尿道.

正常的结果

The bladder wall is smooth. The bladder is of a normal size, shape, and position. 没有 堵塞，增长，或 石头.

What Abnormal Results Mean

The presence of cancer cells indicates bladder cancer. The type of cancer can be determined from the 活组织检查 sample.

Other abnormalities may include:

• 膀胱 憩室
• 囊肿
• 炎症
• 感染
• 溃疡

风险

有一些风险 urinary tract infection (UTI).

There is a slight risk for excessive bleeding. There may be a rupture of the bladder wall with the cystoscope or during 活组织检查.

There is also a risk that the 活组织检查 will fail to detect a serious condition.

注意事项

You will likely have a small amount of blood in your urine shortly after this procedure. If the bleeding continues after you urinate, contact your health care provider.

Also contact your provider if:

• You have pain, chills, or a fever
• You are producing less urine than usual (少尿)
• You cannot urinate despite a strong urge to do so

参考文献

康迪夫GW，本特AE. Cystourethroscopy. In: Baggish MS, Karram MM, eds. Atlas of Pelvic Anatomy and Gynecologic Surgery. 5日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 120.

值班BD，我是科林·MJ. Principles of urologic endoscopy. In: Partin AW, Dmochowski RR, Kavoussi LR, Peters CA, eds. Campbell-Walsh-Wein Urology. 12日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 13.

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases website. Cystoscopy and ureteroscopy. www.的趋势.国家卫生研究院.gov/health-information/diagnostic-tests/膀胱镜检查-ureteroscopy. 2021年7月更新. 于2022年8月23日发布.

Taylor JM, Smith TG, Coburn M. 泌尿道的手术. In: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery. 21艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 74.