生长激素试验

定义

The growth hormone test measures the amount of growth hormone in the blood.

The pituitary gland makes growth hormone, which causes a child to grow. This gland is located at the base of the brain.

选择的名字

GH测试

如何执行测试

A 血液样本 是必要的.

How to Prepare for the Test

Your health care provider may give you special instructions about what you can or cannot eat before the test.

考试的感觉如何

When the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel moderate pain. Others feel only a prick or stinging. Afterward, there may be some throbbing or a slight bruise. 这很快就会消失.

Why the Test is Performed

This hormone may be checked if a person's growth pattern is abnormal or if another condition is suspected.

• Too much growth hormone (GH) can cause abnormally increased growth patterns. 在成年人中, this is called 肢端肥大症. 在儿童中，它被称为 巨人症.
• 生长激素过少 can cause a slow or flat rate of growth in children. 在成年人中, it can sometimes cause changes in energy, 肌肉, 胆固醇水平, 和骨骼强度.

The GH测试 may also be used to monitor response to 肢端肥大症 treatment.

正常的结果

The normal range for GH level is typically:

• 对于成年男性——0.4 to 10 nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL), or 18 to 44 picomoles per liter (pmol/L)
• For adult females -- 1 to 14 ng/mL, or 44 to 616 pmol/L
• For children -- 10 to 50 ng/mL, or 440 to 2200 pmol/L

生长激素以脉冲形式释放. The size and duration of the pulses varies with time of day, age, and sex. This is why random GH measurements are rarely useful. A higher level may be normal if the blood was drawn during a pulse. A lower level may be normal if the blood was drawn around the end of a pulse. GH is most useful when measured as part of a stimulation or suppression test.

Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or test different specimens. Talk to your provider about the meaning of your specific test results.

What Abnormal Results Mean

A high level of GH may indicate:

• Too much GH in adults, called 肢端肥大症. (A 特殊的测试 is done to confirm this diagnosis.)
• Abnormal growth due to excess GH during childhood, called 巨人症. (A 特殊的测试 is done to confirm this diagnosis.)
• GH阻力.
• 垂体瘤.

A low level of GH may indicate:

• Slow growth noticed in infancy or childhood, caused by low levels of GH. (A 特殊的测试 is done to confirm this diagnosis.)
• 垂体机能减退 (low function of the pituitary gland). The pituitary gland makes several hormones besides GH and these may be low as well.

风险

There is little risk involved with having your blood taken. Veins and arteries vary in size from one person to another, and from one side of the body to the other. Obtaining a 血液样本 from some people may be more difficult than from others.

Other risks associated with having blood drawn are slight, but may include:

• 大出血
• Fainting or feeling lightheaded
• Multiple punctures to locate veins
• Hematoma (blood buildup under the skin)
• Infection (a slight risk any time the skin is broken)

参考文献

阿里阿. Hyperpituitarism, tall stature, and overgrowth syndromes. 在:Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 21艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 576.

陈国强，张国强. Growth hormone (somatotropin, GH) and growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) - blood. In: 陈国强，张国强, eds. Laboratory Tests and Diagnostic Procedures. 6日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2013:599-600.

Cooke DW, Divall SA, Radovick S. Normal and aberrant growth in children. In: Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, eds. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. 14日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 25.