莱姆病 blood test

定义

The 莱姆病 blood test looks for antibodies in the blood to the bacteria that causes 莱姆病. The test is used to help diagnose 莱姆病.

选择的名字

莱姆病 serology; ELISA for 莱姆病; Western blot for 莱姆病

How the Test is Performed

A 血液样本 是必要的.

A laboratory specialist looks for 莱姆病 antibodies in the 血液样本 using the ELISA试验. If the ELISA试验 is positive, it must be confirmed with another test called the Western blot test.

How to Prepare for the Test

You do not need special steps to prepare for this test.

How the Test will Feel

When the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel moderate pain. Others feel only a prick or stinging. Afterward, there may be some throbbing or a slight bruise. This soon goes away.

Why the Test is Performed

The test is done to help confirm the diagnosis of 莱姆病.

正常的结果

A negative test result is normal. This means none or few antibodies to 莱姆病 were seen in your 血液样本. If the ELISA试验 is negative, usually no other testing 是必要的.

Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or test different samples. Talk to your health care provider about the meaning of your specific test results.

What Abnormal Results Mean

A positive ELISA result is abnormal. This means antibodies were seen in your 血液样本. But, this does not confirm a diagnosis of 莱姆病. A positive ELISA result must be followed up with a Western blot test. Only a positive Western blot test can confirm the diagnosis of 莱姆病.

对很多人来说, the ELISA试验 remains positive, even after they have been treated for 莱姆病 and no longer have symptoms.

A positive ELISA试验 may also occur with certain diseases not related to 莱姆病, such as rheumatoid arthritis.

风险

There is little risk involved with having your blood taken. Veins and arteries vary in size from one person to another and from one side of the body to the other. Taking blood from some people may be more difficult than from others.

Other risks associated with having blood drawn are slight but may include:

• Fainting or feeling lightheaded
• Multiple punctures to locate veins
• Hematoma (blood buildup under the skin)
• Excessive bleeding
• Infection (a slight risk any time the skin is broken)

参考文献

尼克里奇D. Spirochete infections. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 24日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 61.

斯逖尔交流. 莱姆病 (Lyme borreliosis) due to Borrelia burgdorferi. In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 241.