肾灌注扫描

定义

A renal perfusion scintiscan is a nuclear medicine test. It uses a small amount of a radioactive substance to create an image of the kidneys.

选择的名字

Renal perfusion scintigraphy; Radionuclide renal perfusion scan; Perfusion scintiscan - renal; Scintiscan - renal perfusion

如何执行测试

You may be asked to take a blood pressure medicine called an ACE inhibitor, most often a medicine called captopril. The drug may be taken by mouth, or given through a vein (IV). The medicine makes the test more accurate.

You will lie down on the scanner table shortly after taking the medicine. The health care provider will inject a small amount of radioactive material (radioisotope) into one of your veins. Images of your kidneys are taken as the radioactive material flows through the arteries in the area. You will need to remain still for the entire test. The scan takes about 30 minutes.

About 10 minutes after you receive the radioactive material, you will be given a diuretic ("water pill") through a vein. This medicine also helps make the test more accurate.

You can return to normal activities right after the test. You should drink plenty of fluids to help remove the radioactive material from your body. The test will make you urinate more frequently for several hours after the test.

如何准备考试

You will be asked to drink plenty of water before the test.

If you are currently taking an ACE inhibitor for 高血压, you may be asked to stop taking your medicine before the exam. Always talk to your provider before you stop any of your medicines.

You may be asked to wear a hospital gown. Remove all jewelry and metallic objects before the scan.

考试的感觉如何

You may feel a small amount of pain when the needle is inserted.

You must remain still during the scan. You will be told when you need to change positions.

There may be some discomfort as your bladder fills with urine during the exam. Tell the person conducting the exam if you must urinate before the scan is complete.

为什么要进行测试

The test evaluates blood flow to the kidneys. It is used to diagnose narrowing of the arteries that supply the kidneys. This is a condition called renal artery stenosis. Significant renal artery stenosis may be a cause of 高血压 and kidney problems.

正常的结果

Blood flow to the kidneys appears normal.

异常结果意味着什么

Abnormal findings on the scan may be a sign of renal artery stenosis. A similar test that does not use an ACE inhibitor can be done to confirm the diagnosis.

风险

If you are pregnant or nursing, your provider may want to postpone the test. Pregnant women should not take ACE inhibitors.

The amount of radioactivity in the injection is very small. Nearly all radioactivity is gone from the body within 24 hours.

Reactions to the materials used during this test are rare, but may include rash, swelling, or 速发型过敏反应.

风险 of a needle stick are slight, but include infection and bleeding.

注意事项

This test may be less accurate in people who already have kidney disease. Talk to your provider to determine if this is the right test for you. Alternatives to this test are an 核磁共振成像 或CT血管造影.

参考文献

罗滕贝格G，拉格哈E. Renal transplantation: imaging. In: Adam A, Dixon AK, Gillard JH, Schaefer-Prokop CM, eds. 格兰杰 & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology. 7日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 30.

文本或SC. Renovascular hypertension and ischemic nephropathy. In: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Taal MW, Skorecki K,eds. Brenner and Rector's The Kidney. 11日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 47.