血尿酸

定义

Uric acid is a chemical created when the body breaks down substances called purines. Purines are normally produced in the body and are also found in some foods and drinks. Foods with high content of purines include liver, 凤尾鱼, 鲭鱼, 干豆和豌豆, 和啤酒.

Most uric acid dissolves in blood and travels to the kidneys. From there, it passes out in urine. If your body produces too much uric acid or does not remove enough of it, you can get sick. A high level of uric acid in the blood is called hyperuricemia.

This test checks to see how much uric acid you have in your blood. Another test that can be used to check the level of uric acid is a test of your urine.

选择的名字

痛风 - uric acid in blood; Hyperuricemia - uric acid in blood

How the Test is Performed

A blood sample is needed. Most of the time, blood is 从静脉中抽出 located on the inside of the elbow or the back of the hand.

How to Prepare for the Test

You should not eat or drink anything for 4 hours before the test unless told otherwise.

Many medicines can interfere with blood test results.

• Your health care provider will tell you if you need to stop taking any medicines before you have this test.
• DO NOT stop or change your medicines without talking to your provider first.

Why the Test is Performed

This test is done to see if you have a high level of uric acid in your blood. High levels of uric acid can sometimes cause 痛风 或者肾脏疾病.

You may have this test if you have had or are about to have certain types of chemotherapy. Rapid destruction of cancerous cells or weight loss, which may occur with such treatments, can increase the amount of uric acid in your blood.

正常的结果

Normal values range between 3.5 to 7.2 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).

Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Talk to your provider about the meaning of your specific test results.

The example above shows the common measurement range for results for these tests. Some laboratories use different measurements or may test different specimens.

What Abnormal Results Mean

Greater-than-normal levels of uric acid (hyperuricemia) may be due to:

• 酸中毒
• Alcohol (ethanol) consumption
• Chemotherapy-related side effects
• 脱水
• 糖尿病酮症酸中毒
• 过度的锻炼
• 果糖摄入
• 甲状旁腺功能亢进
• 甲状腺功能减退
• 乳酸酸中毒
• 铅中毒
• 白血病
• Medicines such as cyclosporine, diuretics, nicotinic acid, salicylates (low dose), tacrolimus
• Medullary cystic kidney disease
• 肥胖
• 真性红细胞增多
• 牛皮癣
• Purine-rich饮食
• 肾功能衰竭
• 妊娠毒血症
• 维生素B12缺乏

Lower-than-normal levels of uric acid may be due to:

• Fanconi综合症
• Hereditary diseases of metabolism
• 艾滋病毒感染
• 低嘌呤饮食
• Medicines such as atorvastatin, 卡托普利, 卡托普利, 非诺贝特, 洛沙坦, 丙磺舒, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
• Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secretion

Other reasons this test may be performed include:

• 慢性肾病
• 痛风
• Injury of the kidney and ureter
• Kidney stones (nephrolithiasis)

参考文献

Dalbeth N. Clinical features and treatment of 痛风. In: Firestein GS, Budd RC, Gabriel SE, Koretzky GA, McInnes IB, O'Dell JR, eds. Firestein & Kelley's Textbook of Rheumatology. 11日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 101.

爱德华问. Crystal deposition diseases. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil医学. 26日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 257.

Weisbord SD, Palevsky PM. Prevention and management of acute kidney injury. In: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, eds. Brenner and Rector's The Kidney. 11日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 29.